Why Are My Teeth Sensitive, and What Can I Do About It?

Posted on 7/15/2024 by Barbara Ketchum

Have you ever experienced a sharp, sudden pain in your teeth when you eat or drink something hot, cold, or sweet? If so, you're not alone. Millions of people suffer from tooth sensitivity, a common dental problem that can range from mildly annoying to downright debilitating.

But what exactly causes tooth sensitivity, and what can you do about it? In this article, we'll delve into the world of sensitive teeth, exploring the common causes, symptoms, and effective treatment options.

Understanding Tooth Sensitivity

Tooth sensitivity, also known as dentin hypersensitivity, occurs when the dentin, the inner layer of your tooth, becomes exposed. Dentin contains microscopic tubules that lead directly to the pulp, the innermost part of the tooth where nerves reside. When the dentin loses its protective layer of enamel, or the gums recede, these tubules become open, allowing external stimuli like hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks to reach the nerves and trigger pain.

Common Causes of Tooth Sensitivity

Several factors can contribute to tooth sensitivity:

•	Receding gums: Gum recession exposes the dentin, making the teeth vulnerable to sensitivity. This can be caused by aggressive brushing, periodontal disease, or even the natural aging process.
•	Worn tooth enamel: Over time, tooth enamel can wear down due to factors like acidic foods, abrasive toothpastes, or teeth grinding. This thinning of the enamel can expose the dentin and cause sensitivity.
•	Cracked or chipped teeth: Cracks or chips in the tooth can expose the dentin, leading to sensitivity. This can occur due to trauma, biting down on hard objects, or even normal wear and tear.
•	Dental procedures: Certain dental procedures, such as teeth whitening or fillings, can temporarily increase tooth sensitivity.

Recognizing the Symptoms

The most common symptom of tooth sensitivity is a sharp, shooting pain in response to specific triggers like hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks. The pain can also be triggered by breathing in cold air or brushing your teeth. The pain typically lasts for a few seconds but can linger in some cases.

Effective Treatment Options

Tooth sensitivity is treatable. Depending on the cause and severity of your sensitivity, your dentist may recommend a variety of options:

•	Desensitizing toothpaste: These toothpastes contain ingredients that help block the tubules in the dentin, reducing sensitivity.
•	Fluoride treatment: Fluoride strengthens the enamel and helps prevent further erosion.
•	Gum grafting: In cases of severe gum recession, your dentist may recommend gum grafting to cover the exposed dentin.
•	Dental bonding or fillings: If the sensitivity is caused by a chipped or cracked tooth, your dentist can repair the damage with bonding or a filling.
•	Crowns or veneers: In cases of severe tooth wear or damage, crowns or veneers can protect the tooth and reduce sensitivity.

Prevention is Key

While treatment options can effectively manage tooth sensitivity, preventing it in the first place is always preferable. Here are some tips to keep your teeth healthy and minimize the risk of sensitivity:

•	Maintain good oral hygiene: Brush and floss your teeth twice a day, and visit your dentist for regular checkups and cleanings.
•	Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and gentle brushing technique: Avoid brushing too hard, as this can wear down your enamel and irritate your gums.
•	Use a desensitizing toothpaste: If you have sensitive teeth, consider using a toothpaste specifically designed to block the tubules and reduce sensitivity.
•	Limit acidic foods and drinks: Acidic foods and drinks can erode your enamel and increase sensitivity.
•	Avoid teeth grinding: If you grind your teeth, talk to your dentist about getting a mouthguard to protect your teeth.

Don't Ignore Sensitive Teeth

Tooth sensitivity can be a nuisance, but it's important not to ignore it. If you're experiencing tooth sensitivity, schedule an appointment with your dentist to determine the underlying cause and discuss the best treatment options for you. With proper diagnosis and treatment, you can regain a healthy, pain-free smile.